Type.Colombia. Caquetá: Florencia, vereda Sucre, 1076 m elev., 1°47'50"N, 75°38'50"W, 18 Oct 2020 [fr], F. Hoyos 049 (Holotype COL, Isotype COAH, HUA, UMNG) Diagnosis. Piper hoyoscardozii W. Trujillo & M. A. Jaram. is similar to P. dryadum C. DC. (1891:221) and P. flagellicuspe Trel. & Yunck. (1950:59) from which it is easily distinguished by peduncles 2–3 cm long, spikes long-apiculate and fruit with stigmas sessile vs. peduncle 0.5–1 cm long, spikes not-apiculate and fruit with stigmas on a short style in P. flagellicuspe and P. dryadum. Description. Shrub with sarmentose branches. Internodes (1)3–7 cm long, smooth, green, pubescent, trichomes pluricellular, uniseriate, 1–2.3 mm long, idioblasts not visible. Prophylls caducous, 1.2–1.5 cm long, green-whitish, pubescent, trichomes pluricellular, uniseriate, 0.2–1.0 mm long, dispersed on the abaxial surface, idioblasts not visible. Petioles uniform in size along all axes, 0.5–0.8 cm long, vaginate on the basal half, smooth and pubescent. Leaf-blades membranaceous, drying black, uniform in shape and size on all nodes, (5)6–7 × (13)15–17 cm, elliptic, symmetric, base cordate to rounded, apex acuminate; leaf blade smooth, pubescent on both surfaces, trichomes pluricellular, uniseriate, 0.5–2.3 mm long, dispersed on the adaxial surface, along first and second order nerves and dispersed on the areolas and third order nerves of the abaxial surface, eciliate; pinnately nerved from the lower 1/3, 2–3 nerves on each side, with spacing uniform or decreasing and angle increasing gradually towards the base, eucamptodromous, tertiary veins percurrent. Inflorescence and infructescence a simple spike, erect; peduncle 2–3 cm long, pubescent, green; rachis in flower 4–7 cm long, rachis in fruit 7–9 cm long, rachis with a 10–15 mm long, sterile green apical extension, fruits densely grouped along the rachis. Floral bracts cucullate, reddish in flower, triangular from above, 0.4–0.6 × 0.7–0.8 mm, glabrous on the adaxial surface, margin fimbriate, bracts forming bands around the spike. Flowers with four stamens, filaments 0.6–0.8 mm long, anthers 0.4–0.6 × 0.5–0.7 mm, longitudinally dehiscent, dithecous, with connective not protruding, glabrate, idioblasts not evident, black when dried. Sessile stigmas. Fruits rectangular, laterally compressed, green when alive and black when dry, 0.9–1.2 × 1.5–1.9 mm, pubescent, partially immersed in the rachis, with persistent sessile stigmas, 0.05–0.1 mm. Seeds oblong, laterally compressed, brown, smooth, 0.8–1 × 0.8–1.1 mm. Distribution and habitat. Piper hoyoscardozii is a shade-loving sarmentose shrub that grows on trees and rocks. It is known from the Amazonian slope of the Andes in southern Colombia and Ecuador, between 1000–1500 m in elevation (Fig. 2). Phenology. Flowering specimens were collected in July. Fruiting specimens were collected in August. Etymology. This species name is dedicated to Fernando Hoyos Cardozo, a great companion during our floristic explorations of the Amazonian foothills and who collected the type specimen of this species in Caquetá